Technological innovation and engineering practice of multi-rope mine hoist

2025-05-08 08:08:43

Technological innovation and engineering practice of multi-rope mine hoist

As the core equipment for deep well mining, multi-rope friction mine hoist has become the pillar equipment of modern mine transportation with its high load-bearing capacity and safety. This article will analyze the engineering value and innovation direction of this key equipment from the dimensions of technological evolution, structural characteristics and intelligent development.

1. Technological development: from introduction to independent innovation

my country's multi-rope mine hoist technology started in the 1950s. In 1958, Luoyang Mining Machinery Factory successfully developed the first domestically produced well tower multi-rope friction hoist JKM-2x4, breaking through the foreign technology blockade. In 1977, in response to the problem of poor seismic resistance of well tower reinforced concrete structure, the first domestic floor-standing hoist JKMD-2x2 was born, and the stability problem under complex geological conditions was solved through the steel structure derrick design. By the 1990s, with the expansion of the friction wheel diameter to 4 meters, the motor direct connection technology greatly improved the transmission efficiency, the equipment load capacity exceeded 50 tons, and the well depth coverage range reached more than 2,000 meters.

2. Structural characteristics: Well tower type and floor type double track parallel

Multi-rope hoists are divided into two categories according to the layout method:

Well tower type:

Advantages: compact structure, no need for a sheave system; vertical distribution of load improves the stability of the well tower; the wire rope is protected by the well tower to avoid environmental erosion.

Limitations: high construction cost, weak seismic resistance, and difficult repair.

Floor type:

The steel structure well frame is used, the construction period is shortened by 30%, and the vibration resistance is improved by 50%, which is especially suitable for complex geological areas such as quicksand layers.

The sheave device is added to guide the turning of the wire rope, and the rope pulling system is used to ensure the operation stability.

In the core structural design, the combination of fully welded friction wheels and spherical roller bearings can carry more than 2000kN of tension; the high friction coefficient pad (μ≥0.25) uses phenolic composite materials, which is 3 times longer than the traditional polyurethane life. The braking system integrates a constant deceleration hydraulic device, the emergency braking response time is ≤0.3 seconds, and the braking torque error is controlled within ±5%.

3. Advantages and Engineering Challenges

The core advantages of multi-rope hoists are reflected in:

Deep well adaptability: Through multi-rope distributed load-bearing, the diameter of a single rope is reduced by 40%, and the diameter of the main wheel is reduced by 45% compared with the single-rope winding type, breaking through the rope capacity limit.

Safety redundancy: 6-8 wire ropes work synchronously, the probability of rope breaking is close to zero, and the anti-fall device design can be cancelled.

Energy efficiency optimization: The transmission efficiency of the dual-motor direct-connected structure reaches 98%, which saves 25% energy compared with traditional reducer models.

However, its operation and maintenance still face challenges: the balance of wire rope tension needs to rely on hydraulic adjustment devices, and the replacement of a single rope requires the simultaneous update of all wire ropes, which increases maintenance costs by 15%-20%.

4. Intelligent upgrade direction

At present, multi-rope hoists are accelerating their transformation to intelligence:

Digital twin system: Through the Internet of Things, real-time monitoring of parameters such as wire rope tension and brake disc deflection is achieved, and the accuracy of fault warning is increased to 95%.

Adaptive control: Adopt PLC and AI algorithm fusion technology to achieve dynamic load adjustment of lifting speed, and the overwinding protection accuracy reaches ±10mm.

Green process: Regenerative braking technology can convert 30% of kinetic energy into electrical energy to feed back to the power grid, reducing comprehensive energy consumption by 18%.